Adolf Hitler biography, Biography of Adolf Hitler

 Adolf Hitler biography

, also known as Der Führer (German: “Leader”), (born April 20, 1889, Braunau am Inn, Austria — died April 30, 1945, in Berlin, Germany), the leader of the Nazi party (from 1920/21) and Chancellor (Kanzler) and Führer of Germany (1933–45). He was chancellor since January 30, 1933, and, following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg, took the twin titles of Führer and chancellor (August 2, 1934). Hitler's father, Alois (born 1837), was illegal. For a time he had the name of his mother, Schicklgruber, but by 1876 he had established his family name under Hitler's surname. Adolf did not use another surname.

early life

After his father's retirement from government service, Adolf Hitler spent most of his childhood in Linz, the capital of Upper Austria. It remained his favorite city all his life, and he expressed his desire to be buried there. Alois Hitler died in 1903 but left enough pensions and savings to support his wife and children. Although Hitler was terrified and did not love his father, he was a devout son who died after a tragic death in 1907. With a mixed record as a student, Hitler never went beyond higher education. After finishing school, he visited Vienna, and then returned to Linz, where he dreamed of becoming a musician. Later, she used her meager income to support herself in Vienna. He wanted to study art, he had some skills, but he twice failed to get a chance to join the Academy of Fine Arts. For some years he lived a lonely and solitary life, making a living by drawing postcards and posters and moving from one municipal hostel to another. Hitler had already portrayed the traits of his later life: loneliness and secrecy, the bohemian mode of daily life, and the hatred of cosmopolitanism and the international character of Vienna.

In 1913 Hitler moved to Munich. Examined for service in the Austrian military in February 1914, he was considered incompetent for lack of adequate physical strength; but when World War I broke out, he asked the Bavarian king Louis III for permission to serve, and one day after submitting that request, he was informed that he would be allowed to join the 16th Army of the Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment. After about eight weeks of training, Hitler was sent to Belgium in October 1914, where he participated in the First World War in Ypres. He served in the army, was wounded in October 1916, and was shot dead two years later near Ypres. He was hospitalized when the argument ended. During the war, he continued to excel as an athlete at headquarters; his prowess in action was rewarded with an Iron Cross, Second Class, in December 1914, and an Iron Cross, First Class (rare corporal ornament), in August 1918. He greeted the war with enthusiasm, as a great relief from the frustration and futility of life of people. He received satisfactory discipline and fellowship and was reassured in his belief in the beauty of war hero.

Awake to the power of Adolf Hitler

Released from the hospital during the turmoil that followed the German occupation, Hitler began his political career in Munich in May – June 1919. As a political ambassador, he joined the German Workers' Party in Munich (September 1919). In 1920 he was appointed to oversee the propaganda of the party and left the army to dedicate himself to developing his position within the party, in that year it was renamed the National-sozialistische DeutscheArbeiterpartei (Nazi). Circumstances had matured in the development of such a group. Anger at the loss of war and the escalation of the conditions of peace added to the economic crisis and brought widespread dissatisfaction. This was particularly acute in Bavaria, due to its cultural differences and regional dislike for the Republican government in Berlin. In March 1920 a coup d'état led to the overthrow of the military wing.

Munich was a meeting place for disgruntled workers and members of Freikorps, organized in 1918-19 from units of the German army who were unwilling to return to the lives of the people, as well as political activists who opposed the republic. Many of these joined the Nazi Party. Leading them was Ernst Röhm, a paramilitary commander, who had joined the German Workers' Party before Hitler and who had been instrumental in advancing Hitler's rise to power in the party. He was the one who mobilized the “strong arm” that Hitler used to defend the party, to attack the Socialists and the Communists, and to use force to justify his power. In 1921 these groups were officially organized under Röhm and became part of the SA Army (Sturmabteilung). Röhm was also able to obtain protection from the Bavarian government, which relied on local military command to maintain order and who quietly accepted some of his terrorist tactics. Circumstances favored the growth of a small group, and Hitler was smart enough. so that we may benefit fully. When he joined the party, he saw it as ineffective, committed to a system of national and social ideologies but uncertain of its intentions and divided leadership. He accepted its plan but took it as a way to reach a conclusion. His propaganda and his own ambitions created strife with other party leaders. Hitler opposed their efforts to stop him by threatening to resign, and because the group's future depended on his ability to organize advertising and fundraising, his opponents withdrew. In July 1921 he became their leader with unlimited power. From the beginning he planned to create a mass movement, whose incomprehensibility and power would be enough to bind its members faithfully to him. He engaged in endless propaganda through the group newspaper, the Völkischer Beobachter (“The Observer Observer,” discovered in 1920), and at meetings whose audience grew rapidly from a handful to thousands.